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According to the International Dyslexia Association, dyslexia is a neurologically-based, often familial, disorder which interferes with the acquisition and processing of language. Varying in degrees of severity, it is manifested by difficulties in receptive and expressive language, including phonological processing, in reading, writing, spelling, handwriting, and sometimes in arithmetic.
Dyslexia is not the result of lack of motivation, sensory impairment, inadequate instructional or environmental opportunities, or other limiting conditions, but may occur together with these conditions.
Although dyslexia is life-long, individuals with dyslexia frequently respond successfully to timely and appropriate intervention.
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What does dyslexia look like? This short video shares the child's point of view.
Signs of Dyslexia
Preschool
- Has trouble with nursery rhymes.
- Can't remember names of letters in the alphabet.
- Doesn't recognize letters in his/her own name.
- Mispronounces familiar words.
- Doesn't recognize rhyming patterns.
Early Readers
- Doesn't understand that words come apart.
- Complains how hard reading is.
- Has family members with reading problems.
- Has challenges speaking or getting words out.
- Can't sound out simple words like "cat", "map", "nap".
Older Students
- Doesn't know how to attack new words.
- Isn't advancing in reading skills.
- Avoids reading aloud.
- Confuses words that sound or look similar.
- Has trouble getting thoughts out.
- Has poor spelling and/or messy handwriting.
- Has low self-esteem and confidence in spite of intellect and/or decent grades.
If you’re on Pinterest – follow me and my Pinterest board “Dyslexia” (Vicky Waggoner Jones).
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Dyslexia Association of the Pennyrile recently received a grant from WHAS Crusade for Children to help purchase additional Barton Reading and Spelling supplies for our tutorial program.
WHAS Crusade for Children featured a "story shoot" on one of our Hopkinsville, KY tutorial students.
Working Memory
Working Memory are skills that help a child keep information in mind while using that information to complete a task.
Games to improve working memory:
- Simon – the actual electronic game or the online version (http://www.freesimon.org/)
- Concentration
- Repeat number sequence (3, 6, 9, 12, 15). This is a great game to play in the car and helps teach math/multiplication facts at the same time.
- What’s Missing Game? Display numbers, objects or words; have child study the items; cover and remove 1 item; have child identify missing item.
- Chess – John Hopkins School of Education Research shows, there is a strong correlation between learning to play chess and academic achievement.
- Card games (i.e. WAR, UNO, Go Fish, Crazy 8’s)
- www.Kidsmemory.com
- Teach visualization skills. Teach your child to form mental pictures when they read. Start with small steps. Repeat a phrase like, “Set the table for 5 people”. Have child visual the phrase. Then ask them to describe what they see in their “mind’s eye”. Add phrases.
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